Abstract:
Досліджено питання колізій у законодавстві як різновиду юридичних колізій, під якими мають на увазі: 1) колізії між актами (нормативними і індивідуальними); 2) колізії між положеннями (умовами) нормативних та індивідуальних актів; 3) колізії між правовими нормами. Визначено поняття, ознаки, види колізій у законодавстві, проаналізовано наявні підходи їх переборення та запропоновано авторське бачення можливих способів попередження та зменшення колізійності між нормативно-правовими актами, засобів вдосконалення законодавства.
Description:
The issue of conflicts in legislation as a kind of legal conflicts is understood, which means: 1) conflicts between acts (normative and individual); 2) conflicts between the provisions (conditions) of regulations and individual acts; 3) conflicts between legal norms. The concepts, signs, types of conflicts in the legislation are defined, the existing approaches of their overcoming are analyzed and the author's vision of possible ways of prevention and reduction of conflict between normative-legal acts, means of improvement of the legislation is offered. It has been found that in the legal literature, the issue of conflicts has traditionally been associated with the problem of inconsistency of the system of both law and law. Scientists talk about the existence in the field of legal regulation of two types of inconsistencies: material and formal. Material, or dialectical,
contradictions in law have an objective nature and are related, above all, to such external factors as the dynamics of social relations. Such contradictions can be attributed to the inconsistency of legal regulations and social relations, which are intended to regulate, as well as contradictions between the norms of law and moral, religious, customary norms, etc. It is determined that formal inconsistencies are contradictions within the legal system, they are subjective in nature and arise mainly from the intellectual errors of the legislator, first of all violations of the rules of formal logic. Formal contradictions lead to a violation of the integrity, internal coherence and unity of the legal system. The authors have concluded that within the framework of the rulemaking process an effective means of eliminating collisions is the systematization of regulatory legal material. At the same time, it should be correlated with the rates and volumes of rulemaking activity of the subjects of systematization of normative legal acts. The planning and intensity of legal rulemaking, the extent of the workload of the relevant public authority should be adjusted in the direction of reduction or elimination of parallelism with the systematization of normative legal acts. At the same time, the key to reducing conflicts in positive law is the constant monitoring of legislation. Further implementation of the system of monitoring the legislation, first of all, in the rulemaking process is a condition for overcoming legal conflicts.
