Abstract:
У статті проаналізовано законодавство у сфері діяльності військової юстиції в Україні. Досліджено поняття військової юстиції. Визначено структуру та основні завдання органів військової юстиції. Зроблено висновок щодо необхідності внесення змін у законодавство в цій сфері та посилення ролі Національної поліції України у процесі формування військової поліції як складової військової юстиції.
Description:
In the article, based on the study of the experience of resolving the military conflict in Ukraine in the
east of the country and the analysis of the current legislation in the field of military justice, it is emphasized the expediency of creating a system of human rights bodies whose main task will be to protect the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities, but with special powers that take into account the specifics of wartime. It is stated that, despite the exceptional importance and urgency of the issue of activity in the conditions of counteracting external aggression, domestic science did not pay suficient attention to the development of theoretical bases of powers of the military justice bodies. The absence of definitions, adequate conceptual apparatus indicates significant gaps in the current legislation of Ukraine.
The concept of military justice established in continental Europe is explored. It is concluded that the consideration of military justice as a mere activity of military judges will not give an objective opportunity to comprehensively ensure the resolution of disputes, protection of human rights and freedoms, interests of enterprises, institutions, organizations and the state during a military conflict. It is proposed to consider military justice as an activity of the system of military courts and law enforcement agencies aimed at resolving disputes, securing human rights and freedoms, protecting its interests, the interests of enterprises, institutions, organizations and the state during military conflicts. The structure and main tasks of the military justice bodies are determined. Special attention was paid to the Institute of the Military lawyers, which is designed to protect the rights and freedoms of military personnel in criminal matters. It is emphasized that it is advisable to appoint such lawyers as full-time oficers of military units with higher legal education. The conclusion was made about the necessity to amend the legislation in this area and to strengthen the role of the National Police of Ukraine in the process of forming the military police (MP) as a component of military justice.
