Abstract:
Розглянуто основні напрямки розвитку біометричних технологій, зроблено спроби знаходження найбільш ефективних біометричних систем, які реально існують у різних країнах світу і використовуються на практиці різними установами і організаціями, у тому числі правоохоронними органами. Розглянуто також особливості використання кожної біометричної системи, виходячи із зовнішніх чинників, таких як кількість одночасно ідентифікованих об'єктів, стан зовнішнього середовища, пропускна здатність інформаційно-телекомунікаційному обладнання.
Description:
Identification of a person is needed not only to search for antisocial elements, but also to optimize and simplify human life functions. The problem of identifying a person, especially in automatic and online mode, constantly requires finding the most effective software and hardware systems to solve this problem and finding the criteria by which the person will be identified. There are now many criteria by which a particular person can be identified,
but identification by some criteria gives unacceptable errors. Therefore, the identification of a person by
his/her biometric features must be performed in a comprehensive manner, or on the grounds that will give
us acceptable results.
The article discusses the main directions of development of biometric technologies, in particular,
methods of identification of a person by fingerprints, face geometry and iris. Attempts are being made to
find the most effective biometric systems that actually exist in different countries of the world and are
used in practice by various institutions and organizations, including law enforcement agencies. A
comparison of these techniques based on FAR and FRR, according to which the most reliable is
recognized by the iris of the eye. Other directions in recognition and identification systems are recognized
as less reliable and it is preferable to use them in combination, for example, the use of recognition
systems based on palm scans, papillary patterns and voice recognition systems; facial recognition systems
and papillary line recognition systems; recognition systems for human gait and recognition systems for
the face. It was concluded that recognition systems for human DNA are in the status of research and
improvement (lack of efficiency in DNA analysis). It was determined that at a considerable distance
identification is possible only by face geometry. The international experience of using such identification
in video surveillance systems is considered. The features of the use of each biometric system are also
considered on the basis of external factors, such as the number of simultaneously identified objects, the
state of the external environment, and the capacity of information and telecommunications equipment.
New solutions for access control and management systems based on biometric technologies are
easily integrated into existing infrastructure, have broad functionality, integrate hardware into a single
facility security system.
