Abstract:
Досліджено загальні риси та особливості системи підготовки поліцейських у державах ЄС та США. Аналізуються підходи щодо користі вищої освіти поліцейського для виконання його обов’язків. Розглядаються сучасні загальноєвропейські установи з підготовки поліцейських. Наводяться приклади організації системи підготовки поліцейських у США та Німеччини.
Description:
In the current conditions of reforming the National Police of Ukraine according to standards of the leading democratic countries of the world, the pressing question is the study of various aspects of the functioning, organization and activity of the police of the Western world. One such aspect is the system of recruiting, training and retraining of personnel, education of future police officers. Specificity of police service requires constant cooperation and contact of police officers with the public. The direct contact with the police officer is probably the basic and the most important factor in the building of the citizen's perception and attitude towards the police in general. Accordingly, the level of public trust in police institutions depends on this. It directly affects the effectiveness of the combatting crime, the public order maintenance, and the level of security in society as a whole. The article deals with general features and characteristics of the police training system in the EU and the USA. The author has claimed that the police can not operate effectively without constant improvement of the training to the police. In Western Europe and the US, there is no single approach to police training. Each state has its own peculiarities. Influences of the benefits of higher education of a policeman to perform duties have been analyzed. In science, there are at least three groups of researchers' conceptual views on the need for police officers to raise their level of education. Some believe that higher education has a negative impact on the person's police service. Some researchers believe that there is no difference, while others advocate active involvement of police officers with higher education. The decision of the Council of the European Union created the European Police College (CEPOL) in 2000. This
institution trains police executives, experts in the area of joint crime of EU countries. The contemporary European police training institutions have been considered. Examples of police training in the United States and Germany have been provided. Through the US federal system, the training system has regional specificity. The Federal Republic of Germany also has its own police and training system.
