Досліджено поняття „службова необхідність”, визначено її місце серед обставин, що виключають злочинність діяння, співвідношення з „крайньою необхідністю” та розроблено на основі цього рекомендації щодо вдосконалення кримінального законодавства України. Констатовано, що хоча „службова необхідність” і має багато спільних рис із „крайньою необхідністю”, проте є самостійною обставиною, що виключає злочинність діяння, оскільки має дещо іншу правову природу, а також свою специфіку діяння і суб’єкт.
The concept of "service necessity" is investigated, its place is determined in the circumstances excluding the crime of the act, the relation with the "extreme ineffectiveness" and is developed on the basis of this recommendation to improve the criminal legislation of Ukraine. It is stated that although "official necessity" and has many common features with "extreme necessity", it is an independent circumstance that excludes the crime of an act, since it has a slightly different legal nature, as well as its specificity of act and subject.
Concerning the question of the subordination of officials who may have the right to "official necessity", it is considered appropriate to grant this right regardless of their sphere of activity (public or private law), since one of the reasons for the existence of the circumstances under consideration is performance of official duties in the interests of the service, which is characteristic for all, without exception, officials. That is, the right to commit an act in a state of "official necessity" should equally be endowed, for example, as a law enforcement officer, and the head of a private enterprise. On the basis of this, it is proposed to supplement the Criminal Code of Ukraine with Article 39-1 "Service Needs".
