Abstract:
Обґрунтовано висновок щодо необхідності усунення окремих недоліків правової
регламентації роз’яснення процесуальних прав та обов’язків обвинуваченого та вручення
відповідної пам’ятки. Розкритиковано практику окремих працівників органів досудового
розслідування, які з метою забезпечення права обвинуваченого своєчасно знати про свої права й
обов’язки вручають підозрюваному єдину пам’ятку про права та обов’язки і підозрюваного, і
обвинуваченого. Стверджено, що підхід, за якого підозрюваному вручають пам’ятку про права та
обов’язки обвинуваченого, свідчить про обвинувальний ухил у діяльності працівників
правоохоронних органів. The author comes to the
conclusion that it is necessary to eliminate certain shortcomings of the legal regulation of explanation of
procedural rights and obligations of the accused and delivery of the relevant memo. It is noted that the
current wording of certain provisions does not guarantee the proper protection of the rights of this party to
the process in Ukrainian criminal proceedings. This also requires enshrining a proper mechanism for their
implementation in the national Criminal Procedure Code. The author states that the provisions of the Code,
which refer to the need to inform a suspect or accused person only of his or her rights and explain them,
are erroneous. The author argues that these legislative provisions should be set out in a new version. The
author criticises the practice of certain employees of pre-trial investigation bodies who, in order to ensure
the right of the accused to know their rights and obligations in a timely manner, hand the suspect a single
memo on the rights and obligations of both the suspect and the accused.
The author substantiates that this practice indicates an accusatory bias in the activities of law
enforcement officers and cannot be considered acceptable. A similar assessment is made of the approach
when, simultaneously with the submission of an indictment to the court or after the suspect has been
familiarised with the criminal proceedings, the suspect is handed a memo on the rights and obligations of
a then non-existent participant in criminal proceedings - the accused. The author proves the need to define
at the legislative level what a memo on the rights and obligations of a suspect/accused (and other
participants in the process) should look like, which will allow unifying the existing law enforcement
practice. It is argued that the current legal regulation, according to which the requirements of Article 345
of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine "Notification of rights and obligations" must be fulfilled already
during the preparatory court hearing, is absolutely fair and in the interests of the accused.
