Abstract:
Автором надано власні визначення поняття кримінального насильства загалом та
кримінального фізичного насильства зокрема. Особливу увагу надано мотивації таких діянь, якою
визнається група спільних за психологічною природою мотивів кримінальних правопорушень.
Наголошено на тому, що фізичне насильство як спосіб учинення кримінального правопорушення,
яке передбачене ст. 340 КК України, може бути вчинене з прямим і непрямим умислом. Водночас
не підтримується позиція щодо визнання в насильстві лише прямого умислу і необережності.
Наведено природну класифікацію кримінального фізичного насильства. Зазначено, що
способом вчинення кримінального правопорушення, що передбачено ст. 340 КК України, може
бути і психічне насильство, яке не обмежується різноманітними погрозами. Надано авторські
рекомендації кваліфікації різних проявів фізичного насильства в ст. 340 КК України. The phenomenon of
violence is the subject of research in many sciences. It is the subject of research of criminal law science too
and it occupies a prominent place among the cross-cutting concepts of this field of law and legislation. It is
present both in their General and Special parts. And this is not accidental. One of the oldest concepts of
crime known in European law, which was provided by the ancient Roman jurist Ulpian, stated that a crime
is a violation of the law, which is combined with violence and deception. And this primarily concerns
physical violence.
Physical violence is an independent way of committing a criminal offense, which is provided for
in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In the article, the author analyzes the concepts of this method
of committing a criminal offense given by Ukrainian scientists. It is emphasized that this concepts suffer
from the following disadvantages: as a rule, attention is not paid to the subjective signs of criminal physical
violence; there is no unity of approaches regarding the form of guilt of violent actions; most researchers
attribute only physical violence to criminal violence, recognizing alongside it only the threat of its use.
The author gives his own definitions of the concept of criminal violence in general, and criminal
physical violence in particular. Special attention is paid to the motivation of such actions, which is
recognized as a group of common psychological motives for criminal offenses. It is emphasized that
physical violence as a method of committing a criminal offense, which is provided for in Art. 340 of the
Criminal Code of Ukraine can be committed with direct or indirect intent. The author does not support
positions regarding the recognition of only direct intent and carelessness as a violence. The paper gives a
natural classification of criminal physical violence. It is noted that the method of committing a criminal
offense provided for in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine can also be mental violence, which is not
limited to various threats. The author's recommendations for the qualification of various manifestations of
physical violence in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are given.
