Короткий опис(реферат):
У статті з‘ясовано, чим є холодна зброя та як її розуміють громадяни України. Обговорено методику криміналістичного дослідження холодної зброї та конструктивно схожих з нею виробів, визначено сучасний стан правового забезпечення реалізації права громадян України на володіння та придбання холодної зброї та пропозиції щодо його удосконалення.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
The scientific article determines the current state of legal regulation of the circulation of cold steel in Ukraine and also analyzes the latest bills to regulate this issue. A study of the social climate and opinions of Ukrainian citizens on the free possession of cold steel is conducted. The study identified the concept of «cold steel» and its qualifications. The analysis of normative documents in which the classification of types of cold steel and methods of forensic research are considered is carried out. The main criteria the category of cold steel are defined. The articles summarize the lack of certain means of cold steel, as well as the methodology itself, which determines which weapon belongs to the category of cold steel, and this language presupposes the presence of certain technical parameters. This situation creates a huge space for abuse both by experts, which can distort the results of the examination and by unscrupulous sellers, which can lead to a false phenomenon of possession of completely legal weapons and as a consequence may lead to criminal prosecution of Ukrainian citizens for part 2 of Article 263 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Illegal handling of weapons, ammunition or
explosivs». To resolve this controversial issue, our own methodology and criteria for classifying certain
means as «cold steel» as well as decriminalization of liability for carrying a cold weapon are proposed, because the Code of Administrative Offenses of Ukraine contains certain articles that already provide for liability for improper acquisition and storage of cold steel. Thus, today in Ukraine it is urgent to adopt a law on arms, which will clearly define such concepts as cold steel, research methods that will be simple and clear to anyone, whether he is a citizen of Ukraine or not, because many abuses by police officers who demand bribes in connection with this issue or take away items of historical or simply material value. There is no legal regulation of civil armaments in Ukraine, and therefore it cannot categorically raise the issue of criminal liability for committing certain actions in the absence of legal regulation of public relations in response to these issues. Criminological research has long and convincingly proven that punishment has never and nowhere been among the main deterrents to committing crimes. The existence of absurdly strict laws has never had a positive effect on the crime situation in the country.
