Короткий опис(реферат):
У науковій статті досліджено ґенезу законодавства щодо поняття «гуманітарної допомоги»,
її класифікативної належності, особливостей отримання та розподілу, а також хронологію
внесення змін до відповідних нормативно-правових актів у зв’язку з протидією агресії з боку
держави-агресора. Надано увагу криміналізації незаконного використання гуманітарної допомоги
з метою отримання прибутку. Виокремлено основні особливості притягнення до кримінальної
відповідальності за незаконне використання гуманітарної допомоги, з’ясовано проблематику і
запропоновано шляхи вирішення проблемних аспектів.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
The
research paper deals with genesis of the legislation on the concept of «humanitarian aid», its
classification, features of receipt and distribution, as well as the chronology of amendments to the
relevant legal acts in connection with countering aggression by the aggressor state. The attention has been
paid to the criminalization of the illegal use of humanitarian aid for the purpose of obtaining profit. The
main features of bringing to criminal responsibility for the illegal use of humanitarian aid are highlighted,
the problems are clarified and ways of solving problematic aspects have been proposed.
In particular, the author has emphasized that humanitarian aid, as a type of charity, does not
involve making a profit for both the benefactor and the beneficiary. Turning to the interpretation of the
main concepts makes it possible to formulate the statement that Art. 201-2 of the Criminal Code of
Ukraine is aimed at combating cases of misuse of humanitarian aid, changes in its content as aid, and
commercialization.
It has been proposed to supplement art. 201-2 with disposition on «sale of goods (items) of
humanitarian aid or use of charitable donations, free aid, or conclusion of other transactions regarding the
disposal of such property for the purpose of obtaining profit» without qualifying features and
determination of the level of damage caused. Criminal responsibility should be imposed regardless of the
size of the NMDH, which was damaged, especially in the conditions of martial law, when destabilization
within society and the state can have negative global consequences. An equally problematic issue is the
definition of the subject composition of the criminal offense provided for in Art. 201-2 of the Criminal
Code of Ukraine. Therefore, there is a need to determine by the subject of the investigated socially
dangerous act of legal entities, to which in the future appropriate measures of a criminal-legal nature,
provided for in Art. 96-6 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
