Короткий опис(реферат):
Висвітлено питання використання демонстраційних засобів під час допиту малолітніх осіб, які є потерпілими від насильницьких злочинів, у тому числі вчинених на сексуальному ґрунті. Наведено характеристику таких демонстраційних засобів, як анатомічні ляльки, зазначено принципи їх використання, зосереджено увагу на їх значенні для досудового провадження. Запропоновано різноманітні варіанти застосування демонстраційних засобів залежно від ситуації, що склалася на допиті.
Суть розробки, основні результати:
The article deals with the use of demonstration means during the interrogation of minors who are victims of violent crimes, including those committed on sexual grounds. It is noted that in practice it is very difficult to communicate with children affected by violence. First, the child locks himself in and does not want to tell the stranger what happened to her. Secondly, at a young age, a child may not be able to correctly describe an event because of a lack of terminology, especially that of anatomical parts of the body. It is possible to obtain the necessary testimonies from a child without stress and psychological trauma through the use of anatomical dolls, since the child associates himself with the doll and can even show how it has been harmed. That is, by asking a "third party" question, it is better to establish contact between the psychologist or the investigator and the child. Not only children, but also people with certain mental health problems, impaired language and sensory sensations, etc., can better express what has happened to them through demonstration tools.
The characteristics of such demonstration means as "anatomical dolls" are highlighted, the principles of their use are outlined, attention is paid to their importance for pre-trial proceedings. A variety of demonstration options are offered, depending on the situation at the interrogation. It is substantiated that it is necessary to conduct the interrogation without unnecessary psychological traumatism in a child-friendly environment in which it will feel safe. The best option is to interview in a "crisis room" that is specifically tailored to handle this category of people, including video conferencing. Tactical and procedural peculiarities of engaging in the interrogation of juvenile victims of violent and sexual crimes, a psychologist, a legal representative and other obligatory participants are explored. Knowing the peculiarities of psychological development at a certain stage of the child's development, it is the psychologist who will help the investigator to give a correct assessment of the testimony of a minor and to formulate questions in terms of pedagogy and psychology.
